Has the pandemic changed public attitudes about science?

Has the pandemic changed public attitudes about science?

‘These results [of surveys] show clear evidence that scientific and medical experts are enjoying a surge in public support on top of their already high levels of public trust. With some variation from country to country and among different groups within countries, the overall picture of pandemic-era public opinion is a success story for science’s status amidst this crisis.

‘The impacts from COVID-19 will be with us for years to come. However, questions remain as to how this re-affirmed trust might be built on. How can the increased levels of trust in science be maintained? What proactive steps can scientific institutions take to ensure that they continue earning this trust? How might support for science be used to focus further public engagement on other global challenges such as climate change? Framed in these terms, moves such as the UK government’s decision to invest in a new research agency (ARIA), may indicate more widespread changes in the direction of science policy.

‘At a structural level, the public faith in science’s trustworthiness and value can also be ‘future proofed’ through ongoing initiatives to make scientific research open and transparent, enhanced efforts to ensure a more diverse and inclusive scientific workforce and other efforts to improve science from within. Initiatives working in this direction include increased adoption of open science policies by research funders and global public policy that promotes more socially responsible research and innovation. Indeed, this moment of strong public support may be the perfect opportunity for long-needed structural reforms to make research more socially responsible and sustainable. In other words, it’s time to fix the roof while the sun is shining!’

Read here (LSE Blog, Mar 12, 2021)

How to spot fake science

Warning signs of pseudoscientific claims:

• Explanations are made up after the fact to fit whatever outcomes are observed.
• Scientific-sounding terms or jargon are used in imprecise, incorrect, or undefined ways.
• Statistics are presented in decontextualized ways, often without properly referencing the source.
• Links and references (if they are provided at all) are internal and do not take you to sources outside the publisher or website.
• Cited evidence is anecdotal or ad hoc and does not come from studies that systematically gathered empirical evidence.
• There are built-in explanations for cases when the idea fails to explain others’ results. (In other words, it’s hard to disprove the idea.)
• Proponents often claim they have been persecuted or silenced by the scientific community.
• Information is presented as special or secret insights available only to the privileged few who have taken the time (or spent the money) to learn about it.
• Findings are not published by reputable sources like peer-reviewed scientific journals, and their claims are reported in obscure news sources.
• Cited experts do not have recognized credentials or they lack qualifications in the field relevant to their claims.
• Ideas from outside the realm of science are presented as scientifically established.

Read here (Biologos, Jan 4, 2021)

‘2020 will be the darkest winter in modern history’

Dr Rick Bright, former Director of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), testified in a hearing at the US House of Representatives. Dr. Bright filed a whistleblower complaint shortly after being removed from his position at BARDA, alleging that he was removed in retaliation for conflicts regarding US government policies regarding medical countermeasures for COVID-19. In his opening statement, Dr. Bright forecasts that “2020 will be the darkest winter in modern history” and emphasizes the importance of basing policy and operational decisions on reliable scientific evidence.

Read here (CNN, May 13, 2020)

Yuval Noah Harari talks about governance, surveillance, misinformation and the significance of Covid-19

The coronavirus pandemic has presented humanity with an almighty shock. Our evermore interconnected and technologically advanced societies are now in lockdown and we are fearful for our health and economic futures thanks to an invisible virus. HARDtalk’s Stephen Sackur speaks to the Israeli historian and best-selling author Yuval Noah Harari. What 21st century lesson can we draw from the spread of Covid-19?

View here (BBC, Youtube, May 5, 2020)

Covid-19 — A reminder to reason

‘Thus far in the Covid-19 pandemic, we’ve observed that therapeutic management has often been initiated and altered on the basis of individual case reports and physician opinion, rather than of randomized trials. In these uncertain times, physicians fall prey to cognitive error and unconsciously rely on limited experiences, whether their own or others’, instead of scientific inquiry. We believe that physicians should be acting in concert with clinical equipoise. We should be skeptical of any purported therapeutic strategy until enough statistical evidence is gathered that would convince any “open-minded clinician informed of the results” that one treatment is superior to another.

‘We are living through an unprecedented biopsychosocial crisis; physicians must be the voice of reason and lead by example. We must reason critically and reflect on the biases that may influence our thinking processes, critically appraise evidence in deciding how to treat patients, and use anecdotal observations only to generate hypotheses for trials that can be conducted with clinical equipoise. We must act swiftly but carefully, with caution and reason.’

Read here (New England Journal of Medicine, April 28, 2020)

How did Britain get its coronavirus response so wrong? Three factors

Lack of long-term planning and ignoring experts: ‘When the investigations into the UK’s response to Covid-19 come to be written, there is widespread recognition among experts that this lack of long-term strategic planning will be at the centre of it. So too should be the need to ensure that the views of experts are fed into government more efficiently and widely.

Going on its own: ‘Britain was still doing quite well in containing the disease by testing, tracing contact and setting up quarantine for those suspected of being infected with Covid-19 at this time [February]. “Then, in March, the government decided to abandon this approach and shift from containing the disease to delaying its progress,” says Wingfield. “I would really like to know why the decision to give up testing and contact tracing was taken.”

Absence of social memory of epidemics: ‘One conclusion that experts are already drawing is that it was those countries close to China, with memories of Sars, or cultural ties to their neighbour, which were much faster to act in response to Covid-19. Perhaps most notable in its success was Taiwan...’

Read here (The Guardian, April 18, 2020)

Finding effective treatments for COVID-19: Scientific integrity and public confidence in a time of crisis

‘Everyone wants new treatments and vaccines to address the devastation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). But, currently, under intense pressure and based on hope and limited data from poorly conducted clinical trials and observational data, many clinicians are embarking on ill-advised and uncontrolled human experimentation with unproven treatments.’

This paper calls for three important considerations:

1. ‘First, the regulatory and research communities owe it to patients, families, and clinicians to quickly learn what treatments are effective... 
2. ‘Second, it is important to optimise treatments that already exist, including supportive critical care. As learned from the Ebola outbreak, mortality can be reduced through identifying best practices...
3. ‘Third, and most important, it is critical to protect the integrity of and resulting public trust in the scientific and regulatory agencies and their advice and decisions. That trust will be needed once vaccines against COVID-19 become available and in future public health emergencies.’

Read here (JamaNetwork, April 16, 2020)

Of haircuts, MITI website crashes and living with Covid-19

‘I really, really wish our backdoor ministers postpone their ambitions to exert the power in their hands to do things and instead seek the counsel of experienced and knowledgeable civil servants in their ministries before opening their mouths and coming up with ridiculous suggestions. It would not only save money but human lives in the current dire environment.’

Read here (Focus Malaysia, April 13, 2020)

Sound advice from a USM medical microbiologist

Besides giving three important points on Covid-19, she said: ‘We know that besides our fallibility from threats like infectious disease, nothing else is certain. But uncertainty is a familiar friend in science and the quest for truth. And as the great physicist Richard Feynman said, “What is not surrounded by uncertainty cannot be the truth.” Pain is inevitable, suffering is optional. There is inevitably pain in uncertainty, and it is unsettling. But instead of suffering, we can choose to view uncertainty with hope. For as long as we acknowledge that we do not know for certain, we can try and find out. That is the scientific truth.’

Read here (The Star, April 12, 2020)